Energy drinks generally contain caffeine Authentic Kevin King Jersey , taurine, sugars and sweeteners, herbal supplements, and other ingredients and are distinct from sports drinks and vitamin waters. In 2008, the National Federation of State High School Associations, while recommending water and sports drinks for rehydration, specifically did not recommend energy drinks and cited potential risks, the absence of benefit Authentic Ha Ha Clinton-Dix Jersey , and drug interactions.
Energy drinks have no therapeutic benefit, and many ingredients are understudied and not regulated. The known and unknown pharmacology of agents included in such drinks, combined with reports of toxicity, raises concern for potentially serious adverse effects in association with energy drink use. However, in the short-term, pediatricians need to be aware of the possible effects of energy drinks in vulnerable populations and screen for consumption to educate families. Long-term research should aim to understand the effects in at-risk populations. Toxicity surveillance should be improved, and regulations of energy drink sales and consumption should be based on appropriate research.
“Energy drinks” are beverages that contain caffeine, taurine Authentic Randall Cobb Jersey , vitamins, herbal supplements, and sugar or sweeteners and are marketed to improve energy, weight loss, stamina, athletic performance, and concentration. Energy drinks are available in >140 countries and are the fastest growing US beverage market; in 2011, sales are expected to top $9 billion. Half of the energy drink market consists of children (<12 years old) Authentic Mike Daniels Jersey , adolescents (12–18 years old), and young adults (19–25 years old).
Although healthy of you can tolerate caffeine in moderation, heavy caffeine consumption, such as drinking energy drinks, has been associated with serious side effects such as seizures, mania, stroke, and sudden death. Moreover Authentic Clay Matthews Jersey , numerous reports exist in the popular media, and there are a handful of case reports in the literature that associate such adverse events with energy drink consumption; though, it is prudent to investigate the validity of such claims. In addition, Children, especially those with cardiovascular, renal, or liver disease, seizures Authentic Aaron Rodgers Jersey , diabetes, mood and behavioral disorders, or hyperthyroidism or those who take certain medications, may be at higher risk for adverse events from energy drink consumption.
Although the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limits caffeine content in soft drinks, which are categorized as food, there is no such regulation of energy drinks, which are classified as dietary supplements. Despite the large, unregulated market for energy drinks and reports in the literature and popular media of serious adverse events associated with their consumption Authentic Marquez Valdes-Scantling Jersey , research into their use and effects has been sparse. However, schools, states, and countries increasingly are exploring content and sales regulations of these drinks.
Given the rapidly growing market and popularity among youth, we reviewed the literature to (1) determine what energy drinks are, (2) compile consumption data of energy drinks by children, adolescents, and young adults Authentic J'Mon Moore Jersey , (3) compile caffeine and energy drink overdose data, (4) examine the physiologic effects of the ingredients in energy drinks, (5) identify potential problems of energy drinks among children and adolescents, (6) assess the marketing of energy drinks, (7) Report current regulation of energy drinks, and (8) propose educational, research, and regulatory recommendations.
NAIROBI Authentic Oren Burks Jersey , July 24 (Xinhua) -- The Kenyan government has developed conducive policy and regulatory environment to catalyze growth of sports tourism in the light of declining visits to scenic attractions occasioned by insecurity, officials said on Thursday.
Kenya Tourism Board (KTB) MD Muriithi Ndegwa said at a news conference in Nairobi that sports tourism has peaked thanks to development of modern sporting facilities and publicity blitz.
"We are showcasing the country as a favorite destination for sports tourism and have developed facilities and intensified media campaigns to realize this objective," Ndegwa said during a visit to tourist sites in northwest region.
He revealed that state agencies and sports' federations are finalizing the development of a national policy on sports tourism.
The Kenyan government has focused on growth of different sporting activities to lure tourists. Ndegwa said that Kenya has tapped into athletics, golf, rugby and swimming to attract foreign visitors.
"Currently, we are working with counties to develop sports tourism and have been organizing fun troops to high altitude training centers to showcase our athletic prowess," said Ndegwa, adding that good weather in the training camps located in North Rift has attracted dozens of international runners.
"Some of the world renowned athletes have been flocking to the high altitude training camps to prepare for major races. Their presence in Kenya has elevated our standing in the global map Authentic JK Scott Jersey ," Ndegwa said.
He noted that a partnership with Kenya Golf Union and Athletics Kenya will promote the country as a destination for sports tourism. He also disclosed the Treasury has pumped in 20 million U.S. dollars to develop state of the art sports facilities in counties.
"The government will tap into established and upcoming athletes to promote the country's brand during international races," Ndegwa told reporters.